The ten most effective learning methods

 

The ten most effective learning methods :

　　Learning methods are methods for quickly mastering knowledge summarized through learning practice. Because it is related to the efficiency of learning and mastering knowledge, it has attracted more and more attention. There are no unified regulations on learning methods. Due to different personal conditions, different times, and different environments, the methods chosen are also different. The following is the content related to the ten most effective learning methods compiled by the editor.

The ten most effective learning methods

　　(1) Basic methods

　　1. Put learning first.

　　In their minds, learning is business and should come before entertainment. They should be dedicated to learning, calm and focused, go all out and prepare for battle selflessly.

　　2. Learn anywhere.

　　Make good use of fragmented time, memorize words, recite formulas, solve problems, and adjust emotions during morning runs, during meals, between classes, before classes, and before breaks. No matter how different they are, there is one thing they are consistent about: ensuring study time and learning to make good use of spare time. Over time, the results will be considerable.

　　3. Pay attention to organization.

　　Pack up important school supplies and materials with bookends or pointers, and store them in categories to avoid rummaging around during use. Have a plan for every day, a plan for every week, and do things in an orderly manner according to the plan, without getting into trouble all at once.

　　4. Learn to read.

　　Learn to read quickly and intensively, and increase the amount of reading per unit. Learn to read the table of contents, diagrams and illustrations of a book or unit to understand the content in advance and obtain more effective information. As an active reader, keep asking questions until you understand all the information between the lines. In particular, you must understand the starting and ending points of knowledge and sort out the key points of knowledge.

　　5. Reasonable arrangements.

　　Do what you should do when you should do it, do reasonable things at reasonable times, and never go against the grain. For example, focus on classroom efficiency, listen in class, memorize in class, and understand in class. If you don’t understand, take the initiative to ask the teacher for advice after class or find time during the day, so that you can be clear and clear. For example, make good use of time, encourage yourself to complete the learning tasks of the day, and make sure you are clear every day. For example, you can combine work and rest, relax in a moderate manner, and be active and still. For example, insist on reviewing at the teacher's pace and not go astray. For example, keep your eyes open and speak frequently, read more things in textbooks, and ask more questions about things you don’t understand.

6. Be good at taking notes.

　　Top students tend to remember key points while listening to lectures. Instead of recording everything in detail, they are particularly good at recording what the teacher adds. Things that are not in the textbook, especially thinking methods, are carefully recorded. Able to organize notes in a timely manner, pay special attention to the important knowledge points emphasized by the teacher, pay special attention to systematizing knowledge, and actively think about what problems can be solved.

　　7. Work specifications.

　　Review the questions carefully, respond calmly, and treat each assignment as a college entrance examination. The assignments are neat, the steps are complete, the terminology is standardized, and the expressions are rigorous. Standards not only train students to be careful and conscientious, but also develop the habit of carefulness and attentiveness, thereby stimulating learning potential.

　　8. Be diligent in thinking and good at thinking.

　　This item is the top priority and should be implemented throughout all stages of listening to lectures, doing homework, and reviewing. For example: after completing a question, there should be a process of reflection on the answer, to find out what the question tested, what methods were used, why such methods were used, and how to achieve the effect of drawing inferences and drawing parallels. .

　　9. Learn and help each other.

　　Get along happily with classmates, don't worry about things, be tolerant and open-minded; cherish the friendship between classmates, support and help each other in learning, often discuss learning problems together, use different problem-solving methods and exchange ideas with each other. With this harmonious relationship with classmates, students can devote themselves wholeheartedly to learning and maintain high learning efficiency.

　　10. Self-adjustment.

　　Do not avoid problems. When encountering problems, you can self-adjust by looking for teachers or classmates or self-reflection. Abandon the pressure from the outside world and yourself, consciously let go of your ideological baggage, and turn pressure into motivation. No matter whether the classwork is heavy or easy and smooth, maintain a consistent attitude. A normal heart. Continuously give yourself positive psychological hints. Under such constant positive psychological hints, your confidence value will continue to rise. From having no confidence at all to having strong and unshakable confidence, through hard work, you can think and do things. .

(2) Beneficial and efficient methods:

　　1. Review in time

　　After each reading, review the main points in a timely manner. Remember, don’t make a lot of marks, especially if the points don’t come up in retrospect. We are always used to marking things that "need to remember", but in fact you should only mark things that you really master. Being able to generate an opinion on your own during review is a sign of better learning.

　　2. Test yourself often

　　Apart from exams, there seems to be no better assessment system for learning skills. We have all had the experience of "I thought I had it, but I actually didn't know how to do it". This is the role of testing, to truly test whether you have mastered the knowledge you need to master.

　　3. Chunk knowledge

　　When we study, we should strive to chunk what we learn into a whole, rather than one point at a time. For example, when driving, a novice driver may be busy trying to brake, shift gears, rearview mirrors, turn, etc., but an experienced driver can automate everything because the series of driving actions has been formed into a block.

　　4. Interval practice

　　A large amount of input in a short period of time will exceed the cognitive level of the brain, and even if it is remembered at the time, it will be forgotten faster. So a better strategy is to spread the content over a longer period of time and learn something every day. And in the daily learning process, due to the echo of the knowledge system, I will continue to review the previous knowledge, so as to better master it.

　　5. Try different ways to solve problems

　　Never stay with one solution to a problem for too long - after a while you are just imitating a previous approach, and the marginal benefits will become smaller and smaller. Trying out different approaches to problem solving will better teach you how to solve problems and when to use this technique.

　　7. Use explanations and simple analogies

　　When learning a new skill, think about it. How would you explain this concept to someone who has no relevant background experience? This requires us to understand this concept clearly from the bottom, otherwise it will not be explained to others. Analogy is a very powerful weapon when trying to explain concepts and is one of the best ways to move from the unknown to the known.

　　8. Focus

　　Stay focused while studying. The era we live in is becoming more and more fragmented. This fragmented lifestyle will greatly affect our brains, making our thinking superficial and difficult to deepen. Therefore, fragmentation is the enemy of learning. You must find ways to stay focused when learning.

　　9. Start from the hardest place

　　Some people advocate putting first things first, while others advocate putting hard things first. Both views are reasonable. If either one can be truly implemented, there will be considerable gains. You can also be more flexible. When time is tight, put difficult things first to avoid subsequent delays caused by this node; when time is abundant, put first things first to avoid wasting time on trivial matters.

　　10. Create a vision

　　Imagine your current situation, and then compare it to the ideal situation where your studies will lead you. Put a picture of your dream in your workspace, or some motivational words, and use them to motivate yourself whenever you are low on motivation.

Special Note:

　　1. Students spend most of their learning time in the classroom. Therefore, the level of memory in class is the key to determining your learning efficiency and grades.

　　2. The beginning and end that cannot be ignored

　　3. Students with excellent grades often seem very relaxed in class. In fact, they have already completed a lot of memorization work before class in advance than others.

　　4. Don’t leave all your efforts until after class

　　5. Never turn listening to lectures into "listening notes"

　　6. You must take notes on each subject diligently during class. When listening to lectures in class, you should write down any obstacles in understanding, but try to be as concise and clear as possible. Try to solve these problems that night.

　　Efficient foreign language learning methods:

　　1. Spend as much time as possible

　　First and foremost, you must take the time. The more time you spend, the faster you will learn a foreign language. Here "spend time" refers to the time "you" spend on "listening, speaking, reading, and writing" in learning a foreign language, rather than the time you spend sitting in the classroom, looking out the window, and listening to your classmates who cannot speak a foreign language. Speaking a foreign language doesn’t mean the time you spend just hearing people explain what a foreign language is in your native language, but the time you spend learning it by combining your existing knowledge with the language you want to learn. .

　　2. Keep listening and reading every day

　　Create every opportunity to listen to foreign languages, such as your mp3s. Imitate the language you hear. Read in a foreign language about something that interests you or about a topic you know well. It doesn't matter if you only half understand. Because as long as you keep listening, you will have a sense of the language. Listening for an hour every day is much more useful than taking a class.

　　3. Focus on words and phrases

　　Expand your vocabulary. The greater your vocabulary, the greater your understanding. If you are determined to learn that language well, you will be a thoughtful person who pays attention to and understands the meaning and usage of those new words. Master the usage of these words and phrases through a lot of listening and reading. You can also use an online dictionary, read online, and take notes to remember these words in time. Soon you will find that as you read, you will encounter those new words again. Through repetition, slowly, you will try to use these new words. Don’t worry if you make a mistake at first, because as your listening and reading skills improve, your accuracy in speaking foreign languages ​​will also increase.

　　4. Be responsible for your own foreign language learning

　　Without the subjective willingness to learn a foreign language, you will not learn it seriously. So if you really want to learn a foreign language well, you should have self-control. Try to choose content that you like to listen and read. When you listen and read, you will pick out the words and vocabulary that you don't know and understand them. Be proactive and don't wait for others to tell you how to learn. Just like a child growing naturally, you have to discover your own way of learning. Enjoy the foreign language you are learning. No teacher can help you master a foreign language, only you can help yourself.

　　5. Relax and study happily

　　Don't worry about those words and vocabulary that you don't remember and can speak yet. Language learning is a cumulative process. As long as you persist every day, slowly the vocabulary will become clearer and clearer in your mind, and your language skills will improve accordingly. Mastering a language cannot be controlled by a timetable. So don't be impatient, as long as you put in the time and effort, you will succeed.

learning tools:

　　"If you want to do your job well, you must first sharpen your tools." To prepare the tools for learning, you must have MP3, MP4, VCD, computer playback equipment, etc. to listen to recordings. In the information age, computers and electronic documents are increasingly filling the teaching environment, so you should also prepare a set of editing and reading browsers, because this is a learning tool that can automatically take notes, edit, and read aloud. With the development of the times, the emergence of learning machines and point reading machines has also brought convenience to learning. Even some apps on mobile phones, such as apps for memorizing words. These tools can bring convenience to learning, which can make the learning methods introduced later even more powerful.

　　How to recite:

　　1. Understand the memory method

　　It should be recited based on preliminary understanding. The deeper you understand, the easier it is to remember and recite. When reciting texts, try to use meaning memory as much as possible, that is, to strengthen understanding and memory. We must oppose the study method of reading without asking for a thorough understanding. With this method of rote memorization, although you will remember it after memorizing it, this is only a short-term memory, and you will forget it after a short period of time. When reciting an article or a paragraph, you must first read the full text to understand the main purpose of the article, then understand the level and context of the article, master the language characteristics of the article, grasp some related words and sentences, and analyze first and then synthesize. , which makes memorizing it much faster. Recitation should also be based on the text. For example, when reciting argumentative essays, you can start by analyzing arguments, arguments, and demonstrations; when reciting narratives, you can start by understanding and mastering the relevant facts and narrative sequence.

　　2. Quick reading method

　　Recitation is the result of familiarity with written materials based on reading aloud and silent reading. After initially understanding the article, start reading it aloud and then read it silently. Only by reading it thoroughly can you deepen your understanding and become recited. Experiments have shown that continuous slow reading is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also interrupts memory signals. On the contrary, after familiarizing yourself with the text, gradually speeding up the reading speed can form a coherent signal stimulus in the cerebral cortex, thereby strengthening the memory effect and improving recitation. speed. However, to enhance the memory effect, you need to review it every day so that short-term memory becomes permanent memory.

　　3. Outline and lead method

　　The ancients said: "If you take one outline, you will see thousands of eyes." The "outline" of an article is the context of the article, and the context of the article reflects the author's writing ideas. Therefore, when reciting the text, you must follow the author's writing ideas and writing order, from sentence to paragraph, from paragraph to article, hook from front to back, connect from top to bottom, and connect tightly and continuously. In this way, not only can you memorize it quickly, but you can also remember it firmly. As long as you read and think about it according to the author's writing ideas and order, and memorize it while thinking, it won't be too difficult to memorize it.

　　4. Seeking common ground while reserving differences

　　Some poems and essays have the characteristic of "repeating chapters and singing", and the words and sentences in each chapter (paragraph) are roughly the same. Therefore, after memorizing the first chapter (paragraph), according to the rules, you only need to find the different words in the remaining chapters (paragraphs) and remember them.

learning tools:

　　"If you want to do your job well, you must first sharpen your tools." To prepare the tools for learning, you must have MP3, MP4, VCD, computer playback equipment, etc. to listen to recordings. In the information age, computers and electronic documents are increasingly filling the teaching environment, so you should also prepare a set of editing and reading browsers, because this is a learning tool that can automatically take notes, edit, and read aloud. With the development of the times, the emergence of learning machines and point reading machines has also brought convenience to learning. Even some apps on mobile phones, such as apps for memorizing words. These tools can bring convenience to learning, which can make the learning methods introduced later even more powerful.

　　How to recite:

　　1. Understand the memory method

　　It should be recited based on preliminary understanding. The deeper you understand, the easier it is to remember and recite. When reciting texts, try to use meaning memory as much as possible, that is, to strengthen understanding and memory. We must oppose the study method of reading without asking for a thorough understanding. With this method of rote memorization, although you will remember it after memorizing it, this is only a short-term memory, and you will forget it after a short period of time. When reciting an article or a paragraph, you must first read the full text to understand the main purpose of the article, then understand the level and context of the article, master the language characteristics of the article, grasp some related words and sentences, and analyze first and then synthesize. , which makes memorizing it much faster. Recitation should also be based on the text. For example, when reciting argumentative essays, you can start by analyzing arguments, arguments, and demonstrations; when reciting narratives, you can start by understanding and mastering the relevant facts and narrative sequence.

　　2. Quick reading method

　　Recitation is the result of familiarity with written materials based on reading aloud and silent reading. After initially understanding the article, start reading it aloud and then read it silently. Only by reading it thoroughly can you deepen your understanding and become recited. Experiments have shown that continuous slow reading is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also interrupts memory signals. On the contrary, after familiarizing yourself with the text, gradually speeding up the reading speed can form a coherent signal stimulus in the cerebral cortex, thereby strengthening the memory effect and improving recitation. speed. However, to enhance the memory effect, you need to review it every day so that short-term memory becomes permanent memory.

　　3. Outline and lead method

　　The ancients said: "If you take one outline, you will see thousands of eyes." The "outline" of an article is the context of the article, and the context of the article reflects the author's writing ideas. Therefore, when reciting the text, you must follow the author's writing ideas and writing order, from sentence to paragraph, from paragraph to article, hook from front to back, connect from top to bottom, and connect tightly and continuously. In this way, not only can you memorize it quickly, but you can also remember it firmly. As long as you read and think about it according to the author's writing ideas and order, and memorize it while thinking, it won't be too difficult to memorize it.

　　4. Seeking common ground while reserving differences

　　Some poems and essays have the characteristic of "repeating chapters and singing", and the words and sentences in each chapter (paragraph) are roughly the same. Therefore, after memorizing the first chapter (paragraph), according to the rules, you only need to find the different words in the remaining chapters (paragraphs) and remember them.

         5. Related word prompt method

　　Correlative words can not only reflect the relationship between complex sentences and sentence groups, but also reflect the internal connections of argumentative essays. Some people say that related words are the language trajectory of argumentative essays. Therefore, timely grasping the "language trajectory" of related words is very helpful for memorizing argumentative essays. For example, Liang Qichao's "Young China Theory" contains this paragraph: "The day is not far away when he bids farewell to this world, and my young man is a newcomer and is related to the world. If all the young people in the country are judged as young people, then Our China is a country of the future, and its progress is immeasurable. If the young people in the country can also become the boss, then our China is a country of the past, and its collapse can be waited for. Therefore, the responsibility of today does not lie with others. And it all depends on my youth." This passage contains the related words "...and...makes...then...makes...then...so...and..." The "er" in the first sentence connects two Clause, indicating a parallel relationship; the "make...then...make...then" in the second sentence form two pairs of related words, respectively expressing hypothetical relationships; the "reason" in the third sentence connects the two sentences above and below, expressing cause and effect. Relationship; "er" connects two clauses and expresses a parallel relationship. As long as you grasp these related words, clarify the relationship they represent, memorize them while thinking about them, and connect the sentences closely, it will not be difficult to recite this text.

　　6. Figure of speech hooking method

　　The texts required to be memorized in the textbook are all famous works by famous writers, and famous works by famous writers have their own unique features in the use of rhetorical figures. Therefore, starting from the rhetorical figures used in reciting the text and using the upper hook and lower link method, you can often achieve unexpected recitation effects. For example, there is a passage in the recitation text "Float Skills" that first uses the parallelism sentence pattern "Hundreds and thousands...hundreds and thousands...hundreds and thousands...sounds...sounds...sounds", and then uses the "thimble" sentence structure "people... Hands, hands...finger...people...mouth, mouth...tongue..." vividly describes the panic-stricken scene of people when a fire breaks out. Therefore, it is not too difficult to recite this passage as long as you compare it sentence by sentence according to the sentence pattern characteristics of the figure of speech used by the author, and connect the upper hooks and lower hooks.

　　7. Listen to the recording and recite the method

　　Physiologists believe that allowing vision and hearing to participate in memory can improve the memory effect by 30% to 40% compared to using vision and hearing alone. This memory method is called "collaborative memory method". According to this theory, when practicing recitation, the text recording can be played appropriately so that students can read the text and listen to the recording at the same time, thereby forming a two-way stimulation of memorizing information to strengthen the memory effect.

　8. Fun recitation method

　　When students practice recitation to a certain level, in order to further strengthen their memory and eliminate the monotony and fatigue caused by continuous recitation, based on the principle of "edutainment through entertainment", the following methods may be used to increase students' interest in recitation:

　　① The "antiphonal song" recitation method is to imitate the "antiphonal song" method of mountainous areas or some brother ethnic groups, with two students A and B each reciting a sentence in turn;

　　② "Relay race" recitation method, which imitates the relay racing method in sports, with three students each saying a sentence, passing it on to the next, and repeating the cycle;

　　③ "Stacking Arhat" style recitation method, that is, imitating the acrobat's "Stacking Arhat" method. The first person recites the first sentence, and the second person recites the second and third sentences. Then each person adds one sentence in sequence, continuously, until the recitation is completed. . The above methods are not only highly interesting, but also have a wide range of participants, and can enhance students' sense of community. You might as well give it a try.

　　9. Layered recitation method

　　Understanding is the premise and foundation of memory. The layered recitation method is to first understand the general meaning of the recited part, and then divide it into several levels, summarize the meaning of each layer, understand the inner connection between the layers, clarify the ideas, and combine each layer. The meaning becomes coherent. On this basis, if you recite it several times, you can recite it quickly. This method is suitable for memorizing paragraphs or short texts. For example, in the text "For Learning", we must first pay attention to clarifying ideas, dividing levels, and finding connections. The full text can be divided into three major paragraphs. The first natural paragraph is the first major paragraph, and it puts forward the point of the whole text, that is, it is indeed difficult for people to study, but as long as they study hard, it can be difficult to become easy. To remember this paragraph, one is to clarify its main points, the other is to clarify the reasoning process from general things to specific things, and the third is to grasp the contrasting writing characteristics. The second to sixth natural paragraphs are the second major paragraph, using the example of "Monk's Nanhai" to prove the above point. The first sentence of the second natural paragraph is the first level, explaining the place and people; the sixth natural paragraph is the third level, explaining the results; the two conversations between the rich and the poor monks in the middle are the second level. The last natural paragraph is the third paragraph, which summarizes the full text and encourages the younger generation to learn from the poor monks, establish lofty aspirations, and work hard for them. The previous sentence follows the above and leads to the next sentence; the latter sentence follows the above and asks questions to clarify the purpose of the question. After sorting it out like this and reading it several times, it will be easy to memorize it.

　10. Chart recitation method

　　Charts are an intuitive and simplified way of expression. Using this method, you must first design the structure of the recited chapter into a chart using the main words (preferably the original text) (you can also use the teacher's blackboard design), then read it several times according to the chart, and then try to recite according to the chart. Can recite it quickly.

　　11. Assisted recitation method

　　It refers to the use of certain language signs that serve as instructions to help memorize. For example, the two poems "Fa Tan" and "Shuo Shu" in "The Book of Songs" both use the form of repeated chapters and repeated chants. Only a few words in the rhyme are changed in each chapter, and the rest of the words remain unchanged, so , as long as you memorize one chapter and the few words that change the rhyme, you can recite the article. For the article "The Cook's Explanation of Niu", you can use the phrases to recite the text by heart: Eyes are all oxen - Eyes are not all oxen - Divine encounters quanniu - With ease - Techniques and skills are willing - Approval and guidance - Unblinking - Hesitant and full of ambition . Qu Yuan's poem "She Jiang" can be clarified by using the route of "She": expressing ideals - crossing Xiaoxiang - going up the Yuan River - entering Xupu - recalling history - writing the "Chaos" chapter. Things such as text clues, plot development, character sequence, logical trajectory, passage of time, location changes, spatial orientation, leading words, etc., can all be used as markers and assistants for recitation. This is like traveling. With a guide or map, the tour is fast, good, and refreshing.

　　12. Recite as a whole

　　Take the text as a whole and memorize it over and over again, from beginning to end. The advantage is that the context is coherent and the understanding is deepened. The disadvantage is that there is too much content and it is easy to get tired.

　13. Recite in whole points

　　As the name suggests, it is an organic combination of overall recitation and layered recitation. The advantage is to take the advantages of overall recitation and layered recitation and eliminate the disadvantages, maximize the strengths and avoid the weaknesses, and conform to the cognitive law of whole-part-whole. When reciting a long poem, the first part is often easy to remember, which is called the "initial effect" in psychology; the middle part is often difficult to remember, which is called the "middle and long-range effect" in psychology. Therefore, when using this method, it is necessary to strengthen the "medium and long-range effect", increase the review rate, and form a strong stimulus.

　　14. Try to recite

　　On the basis of in-depth understanding, read it several times, close the book and try to memorize it: see where it is easy to memorize, where it is difficult to memorize, where you can memorize it, and where you can't memorize it. Focus on reading aloud the parts that are difficult or difficult to memorize, and read them thoroughly until you can memorize them. This method of understanding, reading, and reciting the Trinity is much more efficient than mechanically memorizing it over and over again.

　　15. "Three-step memory method"

　　The first step is to grasp the idea of ​​the article and memorize it in your mind. The second step is to close your eyes and recall. When you really can't recall, just "peep". The third step is to repeat quickly and recite it many times.

　　16. “Five iterations method”

　　In order to ensure that the recited text will not be forgotten for a long time, some teachers use this method, that is, during early reading, they recite the content memorized in yesterday's class again. This is the first time. The second review is after the end of each unit, and the third iteration is carried out at the same time. This is to recite the passed texts of the previous unit. The fourth and fifth iterations are mainly conducted in conjunction with mid-term and final review.

　　1. Interest is the best way to cultivate interest.

　　2. Reading is the key to wisdom---the spiritual wealth of the Jews.

　　3. You are formed by the accumulation of your past, and your success is the accumulation of your past. Therefore, we must pay attention to accumulation, develop a correct thinking mode, and pay attention to accumulation in order to succeed.

　　4. An empty cup mentality, such as the mentality of a child, means maintaining a sense of curiosity.

　　5. One way to learn is to just copy the behavior of others. This is absolutely important: copy the good habits of well-learned individuals, or the successful summaries of celebrities; although each person has his own method, you can also learn from it.